Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody positivity during early pregnancy is associated with pregnancy complications and maternal morbidity in later life

Raghunath Bhattacharyya; Kasturi Mukherjee; Anjan Das; Madhuri Ranjana Biswas; Sandip Roy Basunia; Anindya Mukherjee

doi:10.4103/0976-9668.160021

ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Year : 2015 | Volume : 6 | Issue : 2 | Page : 402-405

Anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody positivity during early pregnancy is associated with pregnancy complications and maternal morbidity in later life

Raghunath Bhattacharyya¹, Kasturi Mukherjee², Anjan Das³, Madhuri Ranjana Biswas³, Sandip Roy Basunia³, Anindya Mukherjee⁴
¹ Department of G and O, College of Medicine and Sagore Dutta Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
² Department of Biochemistry, Kolkata Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
³ Department of Anaesthesiology, College of Medicine and Sagore Dutta Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
⁴ Department of Anaesthesiology, Nil Ratan Sircar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

Correspondence Address:
Dr. Anjan Das
174, Gorakshabashi Road, Royal Plaza Apartment 4th Floor, Flat No. 1, Nagerbazar, Kolkata - 700 028, West Bengal
India

Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None

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DOI: 10.4103/0976-9668.160021

Aims: We assessed the impact of detecting anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti-TPO-Ab) in the first trimester of pregnancy on pregnancy outcomes and maternal thyroid function during the postpartum period. Materials and Methods: In a prospective study consisting 400 pregnant women (8-12 weeks pregnant) were screened for their thyroid profile and followed-up to 12 weeks postpartum. Patients with abnormal thyroid function at 12 weeks postpartum were further followed-up with repeated assessment of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and serum-free thyroxine-4 levels at 8 weeks interval up to 12 months postpartum. Results: 11.5% of the subjects were positive for anti-TPO-Ab who had mean TSH level of 2.31 μIU/ml, which was significantly (P- 0.0001) higher than pregnant women negative for anti-TPO-Ab (1.73 μIU/ml). Increased incidence of miscarriage was observed in anti-TPO positive mothers when compared to antibody negative mothers. Postpartum thyroid dysfunction developed in 4.7% cases at 12 weeks, among them antibody positivity was observed in 81.25% of subjects. In 18.75% mothers positive for anti-TPO-Ab, the thyroid dysfunction persisted up to 12 months postpartum. Conclusions: Thyroid antibodies detected in early pregnancy seems to be predicting pregnancy complications and later maternal thyroid disease related morbidity.

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